The Offshore Scale Race: From Horns Rev to Dogger Bank

In 2002 the 160 MW Horns Rev 1 in Denmark was the biggest offshore farm on Earth. Records then passed between Danish, British and German projects until Hornsea Two at 1,656 MW took the crown in 2022, with Hornsea Three and Dogger Bank phases pushing past three gigawatts in single projects.

Scale drove cost: contracts that cost over 150 pounds per MWh in 2015 fell under 40 within a decade. Bigger turbines, standardized foundations and mother vessels made it possible..